Research Topic: Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease results from the blockage of the blood vessels supplying blood to the heart due to their narrowing or blockage by cholesterol deposits. The research topic is coronary artery disease. The purpose of the research will be to determine the causes of coronary artery disease and its traits and use this data to ascertain if the research observations can be used to control the disease.
Research Objective/Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to find out the causes and traits of coronary artery disease and if the commonalities can aid in preventing this disease.
Research Questions:
What are common causes and traits of those suffering from coronary artery disease in America, and how can these commonalities be used to aid the medical community in prevention of the disease?
Classification of Variables
Independent variables: age and gender, ethnicity, and family history
Dependent variables: food diet, physical activity, and smoking pattern
Access to health care facility will be the intervening variable in this research.
Relationship between the Variables
Food diet, physical activity, and smoking patterns vary with gender, age, ethnicity, and family history. Older people may prefer a certain diet, be less active, and have different smoking patterns as compared to younger people. On the other hand, females and males may have varying disparities in terms of diet preference, physical activeness, or smoking patterns. In addition, the cultural practices by a given ethnic group may be different from those of another leading to a predisposition to develop coronary artery disease. All these factors may be influenced by the accessibility of health care service by an individual. Someone who is predisposed to develop coronary artery disease may eventually not develop it if he/she attends health care checkups.
Purpose of Operationalizing Variables
Operationalizing variables are significant in the quantification of the variables. Concrete variables like height, weight among others are easily measurable as compared to abstract variables like age. Measuring variables are important for defining the research and removing room for ambiguity.
Operationalizing Variables
Independent Variables
| Variable | Operationalization |
| Gender | MaleFemale |
| Age | 13-1920-2526-3132-3637-4142-4647-5152-5657-6162-6667-7172-76 |
| Family History | Have a history of coronary artery diseaseLacks history of coronary heart disease |
| Ethnicity | BlackWhite |
Dependent Variables
| Variable | Operationalization | |
| Diet | Balanced diet | Regular balanced dietIrregular balanced diet |
| Unbalanced diet | ||
| Physical activity | Active physical activity | Regular activityIrregular activity |
| Inactive physical activity | ||
| Smoking pattern | smoking | intermittent smokingFrequent smoking |
| Not smoking |
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
H0: There is no relationship between physical activity, smoking, and healthy diets eating and the occurrence of coronary artery disease.
Alternative Hypothesis
H1: There is a relationship between engagement in physical activity, smoking, and poor dieting and the occurrence of coronary artery disease.